@telover: this forum is perhaps not the best way to learn the basics of audio setup for a professional style DAW, a lot of the questions you are asking are really just basics of configuring pro style audio applications and would show up in slightly different forms on any operating system and with any DAW software.
“I’ve also have an error when I started QJackCtl, after I’ve setup both Audio System and Driver ALSA in Ardour:”
What you did is configured Ardour to use ALSA as the audio interface, which takes exclusive control of the interface, then instructed QJackCtl to start jackd using that same interface, which will also want to take exclusive control of the interface. You obviously cannot have two separate software components run when each wants to exclude other software from using the same interface, so whichever software you start first will run and the second (and any others) you start will report an error. As expected. The point of jackd is to allow multiple different software to connect together, so start jackd first (using qjackctl) and then configure all the other software you want to use to use jack as the audio interface. You can also start jackd by using Ardour only, it is really just a personal preference whether you use qjackctl to configure and start jack, or use Ardour to start jack. If jackd is already running, when Ardour starts it will detect that and just use the currently running jackd instance, Ardour will not give you a window to select the audio interface. If Ardour shows a window to configure the audio interface then jackd was not already running, so if you think you started jack with qjackctl and saw the audio setup window from Ardour, you probably did not click the “start” button in qjackctl after selecting the settings you want.
“the Fast Track doesn’t appear in the same window where’s Ardour”
The Fast Track audio inputs are shown under system as capture_1 and capture_2. The Fast Track audio outputs are shown as system playback_1 and playback_2.
“Fast Track is only in the ALSA window together with Midi Through which I don’t know what it is”
In jack all audio is connected through jack, so everything in the “audio” tab is for routing audio. The “MIDI” tab is for routing jack MIDI, and “ALSA” tab is for ALSA MIDI devices (devices which use ALSA protocol for MIDI connection and do not use jack protocol for MIDI).
If you notice the Fast Track interface listed in the ALSA tab is only the MIDI interface. The MIDI Through is probably the MIDI through port from the Fast Track. There is an additional software component you need for connecting applications which use jack MIDI to ALSA ports, but that can wait for later, until after you understand making audio connections more thoroughly.
“to connect the board to the Bass track”
In qjackctl connections Window select either capture_1 or capture_2 in the readable ports side (leggibili), whichever channel has your bass connected. In the writeable ports side (scrivibili) select the track you want, which I assume is Bass/audio_in1. Click the connect button (connetti) and the audio from that channel of your Fast Track will then be routed to the bass track in ardour.
“The Ardour main window setup is Audio System JACK, Driver ALSA, device Fast Track Pro.”
That sounds like you are using Ardour to start jackd instead of qjackctl. That is OK, but if you do that you can connect everything through Ardour without using qjackctl. Even if you use qjackctl to start jack you can still use Ardour to control the connections by using the audio connections window from ardour. That has a grid style connection layout which I find easier to read than the patchbay wiring imitation in qjackctl. That is also a matter of personal preference, use the method which you find easier to understand.
“The Bass track (out port) is connected to System Capture 1 (in port) as per image.”
Your bass is connected to the input 1 connector on the front panel of your Fast Track? The pad button is in the “out” position? The line vs. instrument selector button is in the out position to select instrument level instesad of line level?
Assuming all of those conditions are true, you should get bass signal at the ardour track. Did you enable the record inputs as I described previously? Also make sure the input for the bass track in ardour is not set to disk playback. I think that by default the track will have the input connected in record mode, and have the disk file connected in playback mode.
Have you read the tutorial and reference manuals for Ardour?
http://manual.ardour.org/welcome-to-ardour/